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2018年高考英语二轮复习专题07情态动词和虚拟语气讲学案
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【变式探究】【2015·重庆】7. Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway____ his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.
A.didn’t write B. hadn’t written
C. wouldn’t write D. wouldn’t have written
【答案】D
【解析】句意：没有他战时的经验，海明威就不可能写出著名的小说永别了武器。根据without his wartime experience没有战时的经历，可知表示对于过去的否定猜测，故主句用would have done，因此选D项。
1．（2017·北京）Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, ______ easily reach the books on the top shelf.
A. must B. should C. can D. need
【答案】C
【解析】A. must 必须 B. should 应该 C. can 能 D. need 需要。句意:Samuel，我班最高的男生，能很轻松地够着书架顶上的书，此处需要一个表示能力的词，故用can，答案为C。
2．（2017•天津）My room is a mess, but I __________clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning.
A. daren’t B. shouldn’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t
【答案】C
3．（2017•江苏） _______ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.
A. It were B. Were it
C. It was D. Was it
【答案】B
【解析】考查虚拟语气和倒装。虚拟语气中，be动词统一用were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if省略，同时把were/should/had提前，即Were /Should/ Had I...，故选B。句意：要不是老师们的支持，该生是无法克服她自己的困难的。
4． (2017·江苏卷) ____________ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.
A. It were B. Were it C. It was D. Was it
【答案】B
【解析】考查虚拟语气的省略。虚拟语气中，be动词统一用were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if省略，同时把were/should/had提前，即Were /Should/ Had I...，故选B。
5．（2017•江苏） _______ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.
A. It were B. Were it C. It was D. Was it
【答案】B
【解析】考查虚拟语气和倒装。虚拟语气中，be动词统一用were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if省略，同时把were/should/had提前，即Were /Should/ Had I...，故选B。句意：要不是老师们的支持，该 生是无法克服她自己的困难的。
6．（2017·北京）If the new safety system _______ to use, the accident would never have happened.
A. had been put B. were put C. should be put D. would be put
【答案】A
1．(2016·浙江，15)________(have)the governments and scientists not worked together，AIDSrelated deaths would not have fallen since their highest in 2005.
【答案】Had
【解析】句意：如果政府和科学家不共同努力，与艾滋病相关的死亡就不会从2005年的最高点下降。这是一个省略了从属连词if的虚拟语气句，使用了倒装句式。根据主句的would not have fallen可知，这里是表示过去的虚拟语气，所以用had。
2．(2016·浙江，17)George can't ________(go)too far.His coffee is still warm.
【答案】have gone
【解析】句意：乔治不可能走得太远了。他的咖啡仍然是温的。can't have done是对过去的否定推测。
3．(2016·北京，34)Why didn't you tell me about your trouble last week？If you ________(tell)me，I could have helped.
【答案】had told
【解析】句意：上个星期你为什么不告诉我你的麻烦事？如果你告诉我了，我就能帮你。根据句意和相关信息判断，条件句表示与过去事实相反的假设，此时从句用过去完成时，主句谓语用“情态动词＋have done”形式。
1.(2015·北京，29)—Can't you stay a little longer?
—It's getting late.I really go now.My daughter is home alone.
【解析】句意：——你不能再多待一会儿吗？——天要黑了，我真的现在必须走了，我的女儿独自呆在家里。must必须。
【答案】must
2.(2015·浙江，4)It was so noisy that we not hear ourselves speak.
【解析】句意：太吵闹了，我们连自己说的话都听不到。can/could表示“能力，能够”。根据前面的was可知，此处要用过去时could。
【答案】could
3.(2015·重庆，12)You be Carol.You haven't changed a bit after all these years.
【解析】句意：你一定是Carol，这些年以来你一点都没变。must一定，表示推测，符合句意。
【答案】must
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